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As I Remember It: Teachings (Ɂəms tɑɁɑw) from the Life of a Sliammon Elder

Introduction: Listening to Ɂəms tɑɁɑw

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5. The Powell River Royal Canadian Mounted Police
6. Hospital (2)
7. A Day in Town
8. Fish Traps (1)
9. Fish Traps (2)
10. Boat Ramp at the Shinglemill
11. Bows and Arrows Powell River community members commemorated British Columbia’s centennial by dressing up in costumes that reflected their imagination of how “Indians” and “pioneers” looked in the nineteenth century. This was a common practice in settler communities in Canada and the United States. Settlers “played Indian” for reasons that ranged from political protest to entertainment. The act of “playing Indian” expressed a settler sense of entitlement to the places that they or their ancestors had colonized. The costumes did not demonstrate meaningful relationship or engagement with Indigenous peoples or practices. Today, we understand these occasions to be forms of cultural appropriation.
12. Children “Playing Indian” Powell River community members commemorated British Columbia’s centennial by dressing up in costumes that reflected their imagination of how “Indians” and “pioneers” looked in the nineteenth century. This was a common practice in settler communities in Canada and the United States. Settlers “played Indian” for reasons that ranged from political protest to entertainment. The act of “playing Indian” expressed a settler sense of entitlement to the places that they or their ancestors had colonized. The costumes did not demonstrate meaningful relationship or engagement with Indigenous peoples or practices. Today, we understand these occasions to be forms of cultural appropriation.
13. Day School
14. Golfing “Indian” Powell River community members commemorated British Columbia’s centennial by dressing up in costumes that reflected their imagination of how “Indians” and “pioneers” looked in the nineteenth century. This was a common practice in settler communities in Canada and the United States. Settlers “played Indian” for reasons that ranged from political protest to entertainment. The act of “playing Indian” expressed a settler sense of entitlement to the places that they or their ancestors had colonized. The costumes did not demonstrate meaningful relationship or engagement with Indigenous peoples or practices. Today, we understand these occasions to be forms of cultural appropriation.
15. Society Lady “Indians” Powell River community members commemorated British Columbia’s centennial by dressing up in costumes that reflected their imagination of how “Indians” and “pioneers” looked in the nineteenth century. This was a common practice in settler communities in Canada and the United States. Settlers “played Indian” for reasons that ranged from political protest to entertainment. The act of “playing Indian” expressed a settler sense of entitlement to the places that they or their ancestors had colonized. The costumes did not demonstrate meaningful relationship or engagement with Indigenous peoples or practices. Today, we understand these occasions to be forms of cultural appropriation.
16. Patricia Theatre, Interior
17. Rodmay Hotel
18. Willie and Stanley
19. Patricia Theatre
20. tiyskʷɑt (1)
21. The Dam
22. Sing Lee Building
23. Rodmay
24. Walnut Lodge
25. Hospital (3)
26. Settlers’ Camp
27. Lodge Interior
28. Hospital (1)
29. The Mill
30. Cafeteria
31. Dam Construction
32. Powell River Motor Traders
33. Designated Area
35. We Were Already Here
36. The Chinese Restaurant
37. Preparing Fish and Community Drive-Through
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23. Christmas Blankets
24. Elders and Cedar Roots
25. Elsie at Deep Bay
28. Cutting Fish
29. Wedding Day
30. Mother’s Day, 1980
31. Christmas (1)
32. Elders and Friends
33. Elsie and Glen (2)
34. Assessing the Catch
35. Elsie and Stella
36. Elsie and Glen (1)
38. Retirement
39. Bride and Groom
40. Joining Council
41. Baby Glen
42. Preparing an Offering
43. First Home
44. mɑksɛmɑ’s Cabin in toχʷnɑč (Okeover)
45. Graduation (1)
46. Party at Elsie Paul’s House
47. Prince William
48. Elders' Gathering
49. At the Elders Lodge Elsie Paul with ɬaʔamɩn Elders when she was running the Elders’ program. Front row, from left: Elsie Paul, Henry Bob, Katherine Blaney, Mary Harry, Rose Louie (behind Mary), Joe Paul Sr. (behind Rose), Willie Bob, Calvin Harry. Back row, from left: Louise Bob, Marie Hackett (behind), Nora Wilson, Annie Dominick, Dave Dominick, Agnes McGee, Rose Peddie, Peta Francis (Okee Dokee), Johnny George, Charlie Charlie, Peggy Harry.
50. Having a Laugh
51. Working Out
52. Friends (1)
53. The Children at Home
54. The Ladies
55. Visiting with Annie and Norman Gallagher
56. Elsie at Steveston in the Late 1940s
57. Sliammon Village Waterfront
58. Language Work Linguist Honoré Watanabe stands behind ɬaʔamɩn Elders at the Elders Lodge. Elsie was caretaker and lived at the Elders Lodge for many years. From left: Marion Harry, Mary George, and Elsie Paul. Honoré worked extensively with these three women over more than two decades, living with Elsie during his time in Sliammon. Marion was Elsie’s “little sister” at residential school and worked with Honoré to transcribe and translate the selections in Sliammon language included in this publication.
59. Elsie at Home
60. A Day in Town
61. Collaborators
62. Elsie and Teresa at the Cannery
63. Elsie and Cathy (2)
64. Boat to Westview When this photo was taken, it was quicker to get to town by boat than by foot, since people didn’t have cars yet. Peggy Harry is at the back of the group (with barrettes in her hair); Molly Timothy is on the right (with headband); Elsie Paul is in the centre (with flowers in her hair); Stella Timothy is centre right, beside Elsie; further right, holding a baby, is Agnes McGee, and in front of her is Sosen Galligos. Smokey John is on the left (wearing a hat), and lɑsɑ is in front of him.
65. Elsie and Cathy (1)
66. Elsie, Agnes, and Children
67. Party Time
69. On the Town
70. Newlyweds
71. Wearing Slacks
72. Settlers’ Camp (1)
73. Dedicated Work Partners
75. Repatriation
76. Going to Church (1)
78. Siblings Elsie Paul with her siblings at her brother Barney’s house in the early ’80s. Standing, from left: Teddy Francis (Elsie’s brother), Leo Francis (Elsie’s brother), Lillian Francis (Elsie’s niece, Barney Francis’s daughter), Elsie Paul, Doreen Hopkins (Elsie’s sister), Charlene Francis (Elsie’s niece), Jason Francis (Elsie’s nephew), Greg Francis (inch, Elsie’s nephew). Seated, from left: Aunt Agnes McGee, Rita Francis (Elsie’s sister), Nancy Phillips (Elsie’s sister), Vangie Francis (Elsie’s niece), Elizabeth Blaney (Elsie’s sister), Lily Timothy (Elsie’s mother).
79. A Visit with Auntie Katherine
81. Christmas with the Girls
82. Traditional Prayer Songs
83. Baby Marlane
88. Honorary Doctorate
89. Helping Ma
90. Going to Church (2)
91. Elsie Paul with King of the Sea
92. Childhood Friends
93. Paul Family
96. Important Medicine
97. The Shield
98. Friends (2)
99. Beautiful Baskets
101. Author Group (7)